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Exhale: How Strengthening School Design Can Help Reduce Childhood Obesity

Part Two of Two

In This Issue
How Strengthening School Design Can Help Reduce Childhood Obesity
Exterior Improvements:
Insights from a School Principal
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1 
 
Walking Away From Convenience
 
2 
 
Tracking Real and Artificial Changes
 
3 
 
Jogging Your Memory of Playgrounds
 
4 
 
A Big Leap at an Urban Site
 
5 
 
Skating Toward a Pipe Dream
 
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Issue: # 10 June/2007

Last month, we focused on the interior of the school and how it should be designed to promote fitness among all students. This month, we move outside and see what can be done to promote wellness on the exterior. Certainly climate plays an important role in what can be done in a particular geographical area. While seasons may dictate the ability to go outside, there is no doubt that students like to be there, so we need to design accordingly.

 

How Strengthening School Design Can Help Reduce Childhood Obesity

By Joel K. Sims, AIA
 

 

1. Climbing On the Scales

Children are getting more overweight all the time. Calorie intake has increased, and exercise has decreased. Dr.Sarah Hampl, director of Weight Management Services at Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics in Kansas City, Mo., observes the problem on a daily basis. "Increasing educational expectations have meant that opportunities for physical activity have been cut," she says. "Physical education is no longer a daily experience, even for elementary school students. Many students are unable to attain success at traditional physical education activities and group sports, and sometimes little effort is put into helping them find physical activities in which they can individually excel."

 

 2. Walking Away from Convenience

In the past, schools have been designed to make it as easy as possible to limit travel distances between different spaces. The time between periods can be reduced when the overall layout is condensed. However, by planning a school that has areas strategically located at a reasonable distance apart, students are forced to walk. It's a simple way to engineer fitness into a school. In warmer regions, buildings should be planned to incorporate traveling between them as part of a student's exercise. Where interior corridors are prevalent in colder climates, separating spaces can still be done, although hallways may have to be extended. The student commons area at West Point Junior High School, designed by VCBO Architects, shows a connecting link between spaces. (CLICK HERE TO SEE PHOTOS) In our effort make everything so convenient, we can miss very easy ways to promote fitness. Walking inside and outside of a school makes sense. We should also think twice before closing a neighborhood structure where students can walk to school. Displacing an entire school population and making them ride the bus may not be the best long-term solution.

 

3. Tracking Real and Artificial Changes

For years, school districts have seen the need to pump money into the "sports complex." Traditionally located at the high school or in close proximity to it, these stadiums include spectator seating, concession stands and team locker rooms. They promote one or two team sports that are district favorites. Today, however, more and more districts are seeing the need to make these facilities available to all students. Cinder or dirt tracks have been replaced with all-weather synthetic tracks. Grass has been replaced with artificial turf so that, in some regions, activity can be increased four to six fold. Most importantly, the facilities are being made available to all students and even the community. For example, at Solvay High School, designed by QPK Design, there is an artificial turf field surrounded by a running track.

(CLICK HERE TO SEE PHOTOS)

 

4. Jogging Your Memory of Playgrounds

Do you remember the days of swing sets and teeter totters? Those days are but a distant memory. Today's playgrounds are elaborate and sophisticated structures designed to enhance safe and imaginative play. They have become more elaborate as the understanding has increased on how children play and interact with others. Landscape Structures Inc., uses the term "continuous play" when describing how their playground structures function. They have created innovative products like the Skatewave™ modular skateparks, Mobius™ Climbers, Spacenet™ Climbers and the newest system, Evos™. (CLICK HERE TO SEE PHOTOS) At some schools, climbing walls have replaced the swings. (CLICK HERE TO SEE PHOTOS)

 

5. A Big Leap at an Urban Site

The play yard at Dianne Feinstein Elementary School in San Francisco provides many opportunities for students to engage in a variety of physical activities. Designed by K2A Architecture + Interiors, this expansive play yard provides a rare opportunity for urban youth to romp outdoors. There are a variety of distinctive play zones for various-aged groups. Soft, colorful matting mimics an erupting volcano, hopscotch courts are lined with community gardens beds, and grass rings separate the kindergarten play structures from that of older children. There is an elevated basketball court, superimposed with the learning game 'concentric circles,' designed to keep kids in motion while teaching them about shapes and numbers. Brightly colored paving, just beyond the doors of the multi-purpose room, features a kickball/baseball diamond, for pick-up games or physical education classes. This diamond is surrounded by a four-lane running track and bound in the "outfield" by stepped seating for outdoor assemblies.

 (CLICK HERE TO SEE PHOTOS)

 

6. Skating Toward a Pipe Dream

If we really believe that students can become healthy through physical activity, then one logical conclusion is to provide more opportunities for student activity. What if a student wants to ride his skateboard to school? What if she likes rollerblading? The Atlantic Beach Outdoor Skatepark designed by Miami Springs, Fla.-based VIA Concepts, provides an exciting place for the community's skate boarders to practice their sport and remain fit. While not part of a school campus, it does provide an opportunity for beginner and intermediate-level skateboarders to hone their skills. The increased recognition of the sport and the increased awareness of the danger of skateboarding on vehicular pathways all contribute to the popularity of skate parks. Perhaps it's time to add one to your next school project. At least discussing the idea may prompt discussion about creative ways to help reduce childhood obesity.

 (CLICK HERE TO SEE PHOTOS)

Exterior  Improvements:

Insights from a School Principal
 

As highlighted in the May Supplement, Kim Pavlovich has been leading the way in fitness with students. As principal of Jefferson Elementary School in Blaine, Minn.,she leads about 500 students, parents, and staff on a 2.5- to 3-mile weekly after-school run/walk.

(click here if you missed the article.)

 

While the exterior amenities are not ideal, everyone manages to adapt to the existing conditions. Still, some exterior improvements to the school site would better promote the Run/Walk program. Principal Pavlovich recommends the following:

  1. Replace the track, which is basically dirt, with a new synthetic track.
  2. Add walking/biking trails around the school. This would allow students to stay off wet grass. It would also allow the event to happen for a longer season since running in muddy areas will not be a concern.
  3. Create an outdoor amphitheater. This would provide a meeting place for everyone to assemble for instructions prior to the "run."
  4. Install exterior speakers and a portable sound system. The existing bull-horn doesn't work very well with the large crowds now participating.
  5. Install drinking fountains on the exterior of the building. They could be placed in an area that can be closed off when not in use.
  6. Add trees that create a shady area.
 
This month we have surpassed 25,000 recipients of our monthly e-newsletter. However, our focus has always been about quality and not numbers.
Speaking of quality, we want to see your very best projects. In upcoming issues we will focus on interior classrooms and outdoor learning spaces. Do you have a great example? We hope so. Let us hear from you.

 Teaming with you-
 
Joel K. Sims AIA
Founder/ President
Schooldesigner.com